A pictorial guide showing the three zones of the intact penis outer covering. The shaft skin, the outer foreskin, and the inner foreskin make up the three sonze. The inner foreskin is almost as long as the shaft of the penis. The pictures are shown in sequence as the foreskin is retracted.

Paper published in Ethnicities, June 2010 vol. 10 no. 2 181-207. doi: 10.1177/1468796810361654. The author argues that the assumption that there is no harm and, consequently, no reason to intervene against male circumcision, is an erroneous assumption. He highlights evidence that suggests that, according to the criteria of sexual diminution, pain and coercion employed to criticize FGM, circumcision can be viewed as a harmful act of Male Genital Mutilation (MGM).

A study published in BMC Urology 2008, 8:6 doi:10.1186/1471-2490-8-6. Children aged from 2 to 14 were diagnosed with phimoses, in addition to other ailments. The phimosis was treated with sutureless prepuceplasty with good results. A longitudinal dorsal slit is healed by second intention, that is, the wound is allowed to close naturally without sutures.

A study published Sexually Transmitted Infections, doi:10.1136/sti.2010.042895, determined that there was no association between circumcision and HIV for men having sex with men. The researchers concluded that circumcision is unlikely to be a feasible HIV prevention strategy for gay men in the UK.

This study supports other studies that found no link between circumcision status and HIV infection rates among homosexual men.

A New York Times article from September 24, 2006, about Cheryl Chase. Cheryl was born with a large clitorus that was removed as a child. She became a strong advocate for intersexed people and formed Intersex Society of North America.